14 2 · 8 · 4

Silicon, Si, element 14

Metalloid· Period 3· Group 14· p-block

Configuration [Ne]3s²3p²

Atomic weight: 28.085Da
Phase: solid
Density: 2.3296g/cm³
Melting point: 1,687.15K 1,414 °C
Boiling point: 3,538.15K 3,265 °C
Electronegativity: 1.9

Metalloid element belonging to group 14 of the periodic table. It is the second most abundant element in the Earth's crust, making up 25.7% of it by weight. Chemically less reactive than carbon. First identified by Lavoisier in 1787 and first isolated in 1823 by Berzelius. Description from mendeleev.

Back to the table

The outermost shell: the valence electronsThe inner shellsThe nucleus One bead for each electron, on the ring of its shell, counted from the nucleus out. The rings turn at their own pace; the model is Bohr's picture of the atom, which places electrons in shells but not on true orbits.

Atomic properties

4 of 5 fields have a value for silicon

Atomic weight The standard atomic weight. For an element with no stable isotope, the mass of its longest-lived isotope.: 28.085Da; Source: mendeleev
Electron configuration: [Ne]3s²3p²; Source: mendeleev
Electron configuration in full The electron configuration with the noble-gas core written out.: 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p²; Source: Worked outfrom electron configuration
Electrons in each shell Counted from the electron configuration, from the first shell outward.: 2 · 8 · 4; Source: Worked outfrom electron configuration

No data uncertainty of the atomic weight.

Screening of each subshell

Clementi's screening constants: how much of the nucleus's charge the other electrons hide from an electron in each subshell. What is left is the effective nuclear charge it feels.

Subshell	Screening σ	Effective charge Z − σ
1s	0.4255	13.5745
2s	4.98	9.02
2p	4.055	9.945
3s	9.0968	4.9032
3p	9.7148	4.2852