28 2 · 8 · 16 · 2

Nickel, Ni, element 28

Transition metal· Period 4· Group 10· d-block

Configuration [Ar]3d⁸4s²

Atomic weight: 58.6934Da
Phase: solid
Density: 8.9g/cm³
Melting point: 1,728.15K 1,455 °C
Boiling point: 3,186.15K 2,913 °C
Electronegativity: 1.91

Malleable ductile silvery metallic transition element. Discovered by A.F. Cronstedt in 1751. Description from mendeleev.

Back to the table

The outermost shell: the valence electronsThe inner shellsThe nucleus One bead for each electron, on the ring of its shell, counted from the nucleus out. The rings turn at their own pace; the model is Bohr's picture of the atom, which places electrons in shells but not on true orbits.

Atomic properties

5 of 5 fields have a value for nickel

Atomic weight The standard atomic weight. For an element with no stable isotope, the mass of its longest-lived isotope.: 58.6934Da; Source: mendeleev
Electron configuration: [Ar]3d⁸4s²; Source: mendeleev
Uncertainty of the atomic weight: 4×10⁻⁴Da; Source: mendeleev
Electron configuration in full The electron configuration with the noble-gas core written out.: 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶3d⁸4s²; Source: Worked outfrom electron configuration
Electrons in each shell Counted from the electron configuration, from the first shell outward.: 2 · 8 · 16 · 2; Source: Worked outfrom electron configuration

Screening of each subshell

Clementi's screening constants: how much of the nucleus's charge the other electrons hide from an electron in each subshell. What is left is the effective nuclear charge it feels.

Subshell	Screening σ	Effective charge Z − σ
1s	0.6474	27.3526
2s	7.7874	20.2126
2p	3.9048	24.0952
3s	13.039	14.961
3p	13.915	14.085
3d	15.4705	12.5295
4s	22.2892	5.7108