21 2 · 8 · 9 · 2

Scandium, Sc, element 21

Transition metal· Period 4· Group 3· d-block

Configuration [Ar]3d¹4s²

Atomic weight: 44.9559Da
Phase: solid
Density: 2.99g/cm³
Melting point: 1,814.15K 1,541 °C
Boiling point: 3,109.15K 2,836 °C
Electronegativity: 1.36

Rare soft silvery metallic element belonging to group 3 of the periodic table. There are ten isotopes, nine of which are radioactive and have short half-lives. Predicted in 1869 by Mendeleev, isolated by Nilson in 1879. Description from mendeleev.

Back to the table

The outermost shell: the valence electronsThe inner shellsThe nucleus One bead for each electron, on the ring of its shell, counted from the nucleus out. The rings turn at their own pace; the model is Bohr's picture of the atom, which places electrons in shells but not on true orbits.

Atomic properties

5 of 5 fields have a value for scandium

Atomic weight The standard atomic weight. For an element with no stable isotope, the mass of its longest-lived isotope.: 44.95591Da; Source: mendeleev
Electron configuration: [Ar]3d¹4s²; Source: mendeleev
Uncertainty of the atomic weight: 5×10⁻⁶Da; Source: mendeleev
Electron configuration in full The electron configuration with the noble-gas core written out.: 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶3d¹4s²; Source: Worked outfrom electron configuration
Electrons in each shell Counted from the electron configuration, from the first shell outward.: 2 · 8 · 9 · 2; Source: Worked outfrom electron configuration

Screening of each subshell

Clementi's screening constants: how much of the nucleus's charge the other electrons hide from an electron in each subshell. What is left is the effective nuclear charge it feels.

Subshell	Screening σ	Effective charge Z − σ
1s	0.5434	20.4566
2s	6.4264	14.5736
2p	3.9454	17.0546
3s	10.6602	10.3398
3p	11.5938	9.4062
3d	13.8801	7.1199
4s	16.3676	4.6324